{"id":2819,"date":"2025-04-09T16:10:11","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T16:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ala.ca\/un-nouveau-guide-municipal\/a-propos-du-guide\/glossary-of-terms\/"},"modified":"2025-11-26T18:41:27","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T18:41:27","slug":"glossaire","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/activeabilities.ca\/fr\/guide-municipal\/a-propos-du-guide\/glossaire\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossaire"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb#262626″ bg_image=\u00a0\u00bb2920″ bg_position=\u00a0\u00bbcustom\u00a0\u00bb bg_position_x=\u00a0\u00bb50%\u00a0\u00bb bg_position_y=\u00a0\u00bb45%\u00a0\u00bb 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Le langage entourant la limitation est personnel et peut \u00e9voluer avec le temps. Les d\u00e9finitions propos\u00e9es ne refl\u00e8tent peut-\u00eatre pas toutes les exp\u00e9riences v\u00e9cues, mais elles s\u2019appuient sur les meilleures pratiques et les connaissances actuelles en mati\u00e8re de limitation.<\/strong>[\/nectar_responsive_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/6″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb5%\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb5%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb gradient_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb text_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb]\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Terme<\/strong><\/td>\nD\u00e9finition<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Accessibilit\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\nFondement de l\u2019inclusion. Elle permet \u00e0 toutes et \u00e0 tous de vivre des exp\u00e9riences significatives. Une accessibilit\u00e9 constante favorise une participation de qualit\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Accessibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la visite<\/strong><\/td>\nPrincipe d\u2019am\u00e9nagement des habitations et b\u00e2timents pour qu\u2019ils soient facilement accessibles \u00e0 toutes les personnes, en particulier \u00e0 celles ayant des difficult\u00e9s de mobilit\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique<\/strong><\/td>\nTout mouvement du corps qui n\u00e9cessite de l\u2019\u00e9nergie et augmente le rythme cardiaque et la respiration.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique adapt\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\nSports, jeux, exercices ou programmes d\u2019activit\u00e9 physique modifi\u00e9s afin de permettre aux personnes handicap\u00e9es d\u2019y participer pleinement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique d\u2019intensit\u00e9 moyenne \u00e0 \u00e9lev\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\nActivit\u00e9s demandant plus d\u2019effort, entra\u00eenant une respiration plus rapide et une sensation de chaleur ou de fatigue, comme la course, la natation ou le soccer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique incidente<\/strong><\/td>\nActivit\u00e9s quotidiennes impliquant des mouvements, comme marcher pour aller \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole ou aider \u00e0 la maison. Il s\u2019agit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement d\u2019activit\u00e9s de faible intensit\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique inclusive <\/strong><\/td>\nProgrammes d\u2019activit\u00e9 physique dans lesquels des personnes avec ou sans handicap participent ensemble aux m\u00eames activit\u00e9s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique int\u00e9gr\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\nProgrammes ou milieux d\u2019activit\u00e9 physique o\u00f9 les personnes handicap\u00e9es sont int\u00e9gr\u00e9es \u00e0 un programme con\u00e7u \u00e0 l\u2019origine pour des personnes sans handicap.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique l\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/strong><\/td>\nActivit\u00e9s intentionnelles n\u00e9cessitant peu d\u2019effort et n\u2019entra\u00eenant pas de changements perceptibles de la respiration, comme la marche lente ou les \u00e9tirements doux.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique non structur\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\nMouvements ou jeux spontan\u00e9s et auto-dirig\u00e9s, comme les jeux dans un terrain de jeux, la baignade libre ou l\u2019utilisation non planifi\u00e9e des parcs et espaces r\u00e9cr\u00e9atifs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Activit\u00e9 physique structur\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\nActivit\u00e9s planifi\u00e9es et organis\u00e9es, comme les cours de conditionnement physique, les entra\u00eenements sportifs ou les le\u00e7ons de natation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Alli\u00e9\u00b7e<\/strong><\/td>\nRelation fond\u00e9e sur la solidarit\u00e9 entre des personnes alli\u00e9es et des personnes handicap\u00e9es, dans un engagement commun \u00e0 d\u00e9construire les syst\u00e8mes d\u2019oppression li\u00e9s \u00e0 la limitation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conception universelle<\/strong><\/td>\nApproche de conception visant \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des produits, b\u00e2timents et environnements utilisables par toutes et tous, sans besoin d\u2019adaptations particuli\u00e8res. Elle profite \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble de la population.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00e9veloppement des capacit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/td>\nProcessus par lequel des personnes, groupes ou collectivit\u00e9s renforcent leurs habilet\u00e9s \u00e0 accomplir des fonctions essentielles, \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes et \u00e0 atteindre des objectifs de mani\u00e8re durable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Domaine de pratique<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ral ou cat\u00e9gorie regroupant des strat\u00e9gies pratiques favorisant l\u2019inclusion des personnes handicap\u00e9es dans les loisirs municipaux. Ce guide pr\u00e9sente huit domaines de pratique, chacun comprenant des dizaines de strat\u00e9gies concr\u00e8tes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Entrevue<\/strong><\/td>\nConversation dirig\u00e9e utilis\u00e9e pour recueillir des informations d\u00e9taill\u00e9es sur les exp\u00e9riences ou les opinions d\u2019une personne. Elle peut se d\u00e9rouler en personne, par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone ou en ligne, et suivre un questionnaire structur\u00e9 ou \u00eatre plus ouverte.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9valuation<\/strong><\/td>\nProcessus planifi\u00e9 visant \u00e0 recueillir et \u00e0 analyser des informations afin d\u2019\u00e9valuer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 d\u2019un programme et d\u2019orienter son am\u00e9lioration continue.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Inclusion<\/strong><\/td>\nFait de permettre \u00e0 chaque personne de participer activement \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s, programmes, \u00e9v\u00e9nements ou r\u00f4les, selon ses capacit\u00e9s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Indicateur<\/strong><\/td>\nValeur num\u00e9rique ou observation qui illustre un aspect important d\u2019un programme, comme les taux de participation, les comportements ou les retomb\u00e9es communautaires.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Intersectionnalit\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\nCadre d\u2019analyse permettant de comprendre comment les diff\u00e9rentes identit\u00e9s sociales d\u2019une personne \u2014 comme le genre, la race, l\u2019origine ethnique, l\u2019orientation sexuelle, l\u2019identit\u00e9 de genre, le handicap ou la classe sociale \u2014 se combinent pour cr\u00e9er des exp\u00e9riences uniques caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es \u00e0 la fois d\u2019avantages et de d\u00e9savantages.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Limitation<\/strong><\/td>\nToute alt\u00e9ration du fonctionnement du corps ou de l\u2019esprit. Cela inclut les limitations physiques, mentales, intellectuelles, cognitives, d\u2019apprentissage, de communication ou sensorielles. Elles peuvent \u00eatre permanentes, temporaires ou occasionnelles. M\u00eame invisibles, ces limitations peuvent cr\u00e9er des obstacles \u00e0 la pleine participation sociale. Pour les d\u00e9finitions des types de handicaps, consultez l\u2019Enqu\u00eate canadienne sur le handicap de Statistique Canada (2022) : Guide des concepts et des m\u00e9thodes.<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mesure d\u2019adaptation<\/strong><\/td>\nModification de l\u2019environnement de travail ou cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un cadre accueillant permettant \u00e0 un\u00b7e employ\u00e9\u00b7e de r\u00e9aliser ses t\u00e2ches de mani\u00e8re s\u00e9curitaire et efficace. Les mesures d\u2019adaptation devraient \u00eatre anticip\u00e9es et intentionnelles.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mod\u00e8le m\u00e9dical du handicap<\/strong><\/td>\nLe langage du mod\u00e8le m\u00e9dical est de nature clinique et m\u00e9dicale. Le handicap y est per\u00e7u comme une d\u00e9ficience d\u2019une fonction corporelle consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme pathologique, et l\u2019objectif est d\u2019amener cette fonction le plus pr\u00e8s possible de la \u00ab\u00a0normale\u00a0\u00bb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mod\u00e8le social du handicap<\/strong><\/td>\nLe handicap est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une composante de l\u2019identit\u00e9 d\u2019une personne, au m\u00eame titre que le genre ou l\u2019origine ethnique. Dans cette perspective, l\u2019enjeu n\u2019est pas de changer les personnes handicap\u00e9es, mais plut\u00f4t de transformer l\u2019environnement et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Neurodiversit\u00e9 \/ neurodivergence<\/strong><\/td>\nLa neurodiversit\u00e9 renvoie \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 des modes de pens\u00e9e et des traits comportementaux chez les humains. Le terme \u00ab neurodivergent \u00bb peut d\u00e9crire les personnes sur le spectre de l\u2019autisme ou toute personne pr\u00e9sentant des modes de pens\u00e9e ou de comportement neurologiquement diff\u00e9rents.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Participation de qualit\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\nPerception qu\u2019a une personne de la valeur, de la satisfaction et du plaisir ressentis lorsqu\u2019elle prend part \u00e0 une activit\u00e9, un programme ou un \u00e9v\u00e9nement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Personne(s) handicap\u00e9e(s)<\/strong><\/td>\nPersonnes pr\u00e9sentant une limitation qui affecte le fonctionnement de leur corps ou de leur esprit, notamment des d\u00e9fis physiques, mentaux, intellectuels, d\u2019apprentissage, de communication ou sensoriels. Ces limitations peuvent \u00eatre permanentes, temporaires ou intermittentes. M\u00eame lorsqu\u2019il n\u2019est pas visible, le handicap peut rendre la participation pleine et enti\u00e8re \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 plus difficile en raison des obstacles rencontr\u00e9s. L\u2019expression \u00ab personne handicap\u00e9e \u00bb est privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e afin de mettre la personne avant le handicap, qui ne la d\u00e9finit pas enti\u00e8rement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Population cible<\/strong><\/td>\nGroupe pr\u00e9cis de personnes qu\u2019un programme ou une \u00e9valuation vise \u00e0 influencer ou \u00e0 repr\u00e9senter.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Programme<\/strong><\/td>\nEnsemble d\u2019activit\u00e9s ou d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements planifi\u00e9s con\u00e7us pour aider des personnes ou des communaut\u00e9s \u00e0 atteindre un objectif.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Questionnaire \/ sondage<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u00e9rie de questions servant \u00e0 recueillir des informations sur les caract\u00e9ristiques, les attitudes ou les comportements des personnes. Il peut \u00eatre administr\u00e9 sur papier, en ligne ou par entrevue.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RE-AIM <\/strong><\/td>\nCadre servant \u00e0 \u00e9valuer l\u2019impact des programmes de sant\u00e9 ou de loisirs sur la population. Il comprend cinq dimensions : port\u00e9e (Reach), efficacit\u00e9 (Effectiveness), adoption (Adoption), mise en \u0153uvre (Implementation) et maintien (Maintenance).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u00e9sultat<\/strong><\/td>\nEffet ou changement observ\u00e9 et mesur\u00e9 au cours d\u2019un projet ou d\u2019un programme afin de d\u00e9terminer s\u2019il a produit un impact.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Strat\u00e9gie concr\u00e8te (how-to)<\/strong><\/td>\nInstruction ou action sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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